The results of the project have been disseminated in 506 journal papers, which can be found in green open access at
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/L-Hanzo?ev=hdr_xprf(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?q=lajos+hanzo+eprint&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)The citation impacts can be viewed at
https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=p0jnEW0AAAAJ&hl=en(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)Some of the key results are highlighted here
https://www-mobile.ecs.soton.ac.uk/res/int/quantum(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)Furthermore, a 500-page research monograph was commissioned by the John Wiley and IEEE Press, which will be published in 2025 on quantum error correction codes for exploitation by the scientific community.
Additionally, numerous keynote lectures and webinars were presented at the prestigious flagship conferences of the IEEE, see for example
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81W3ollhpYk(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)https://www.comsoc.org/about/news/lajos-hanzo-instruct-introduction-quantum-communications-course-3-may(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)https://wtc.committees.comsoc.org/seminars/(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)https://rc.signalprocessingsociety.org/education/webinars/spsweb00373(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)The PI has also created a detailed quantum communications curriculum for the IEEE, which he is offering twice or thrice a year to the global community. This course has also been presented at many IEEE conferences. Finally, the PI founded the IEEE Communication Society’s Quantum Communications and Information Technology subcommittee, which has grown to 500+ members.
https://qcit.committees.comsoc.org/officers/(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre)WP 1: QUANTUM DECOHERENCE MITIGATION AND QUANTUM CODES
A suite of quantum error correction codes (QECC) was designed for mitigating the decoherence and was disseminated in leading-edge IEEE journals, as seen in the list of publications. The most inventive solutions are our short topological block codes, which correct the errors before the decoherence results in catastrophic error-proliferation.
A compelling feature of the adaptive-rate short codes designed is that they lend themselves to reconfiguration as different-rate codes, which are eminently suitable for mitigating time-variant decoherence in the face of fluctuating environmental influence. This unique feature allows them to maintain a specific target integrity by appropriately adjusting the throughput attained.
Furthermore, the first ever so-called universal quantum decoders were invented, which may be harnessed for decoding arbitrary linear codes, such as Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BC) and Polar codes, for example. These schemes have also inspired new classical decoder designs by the PI and his team.
Finally, as a low-complexity design alternative, quantum error mitigation solutions dispensing with the employment of quantum codes have been conceived and disseminated.
WP 2: QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION
A suite of new protocols was designed for both reverse reconciliation (RR) and direct reconciliation (DR). In the proposed RR scheme, the computational complexity is balanced between the transmitter (Alice) and receiver (Bob) by generating the secret key and the frozen bit-based side information at Bob's and Alice's sides, respectively. Consequently, Polar decoding is used by Alice, and LDPC decoding by Bob, instead of carrying out both decoding tasks at one side. We demonstrated that short Polar codes are capable of outperforming LDPC codes in CV-QKD reconciliation, when using block lengths below 512 bits.
WP 3: ENTANGLEMENT SWAPPING
QUANTUM TELEPORTATION is the key communication functionality of the Quantum Internet, allowing the "transmission'' of qubits without the physical transfer of the particle storing the qubit. Quantum teleportation is facilitated by the action of quantum entanglement, a somewhat counter-intuitive physical phenomenon with no direct counterpart in the classical world. As a consequence, the very concept of the classical communication system model has to be redesigned to account for the peculiarities of quantum teleportation. This re-design is a crucial prerequisite for constructing any effective quantum communication protocols. The aim of this WP is to shed light on this key concept, with the objective of highlighting the fundamental differences between the transmission of classical information versus the teleportation of quantum information. This allowed us to investigate quantum teleportation and to tackle some of the challenges in the design of practical quantum teleportation in the face of the ubiquitous quantum decoherence, which has no direct counterpart in the classical world.
WP 4: SPACE-AIR-GROUND INTEGRATED NETWORK (SAGIN)
The quantum-domain Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) concept was developed and characterized.
Furthermore, we have discovered that Rydberg atoms exhibit compelling advantages in terms of detecting classical-domain radio frequency signals. Based on this, Rydberg atomic quantum receivers (RAQRs) were designed for classical wireless communication and sensing. To harness the advantages and exploit the potential of RAQRs in wireless sensing, we conceived powerful classical transceivers relying on RAQRs.
