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Physical, genetic and transcript map of the juxtacentromeric region of the human X chromosome long arm (Xcen-Xq21)

Objective

The goals of the project are to construct a physical, genetic and transcript map of the Xcen-Xq21 region of the human X chromosome.
Research was carried out in order to construct physical maps, genetic maps and transcript maps for the juxacentromeric region of the human X chromosome. The physical maps were generated using yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clones and the genetic map was generated by isolating new microsatellite polymorphisms from the cloned deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The transcript map was constructed using several approaches to isolate new genes from cloned DNA.

Substantial progress has been made with respect to the construction of the map of the Xcen-Xq13.3 region. Approximately 85% of the region is covered in existing YAC clones and end fragments are being rescreened on the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF) and Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) YAC libraries to close the 6 remaining gaps. There are 16 microsatellites in the region, 5 of which were newly derived and 11 of which were fine mapped using the YAC clones. These new genetic markers and refined localizations are being used by the X chromosome community to make a high resolution genetic map and to define the position of several disease genes such as X-linked mental retardation and DYT3. The transcript map was initially focussed on chromosome breakpoints giving rise to Menkes disease (MNK), ectodermal dysplasia (EDA) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with sideroblasts. Many new genes have been identified in the region using more comprehensive methods such as exon amplification and chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) selection. The integrated map that has been developed will continue to be useful in the mapping of new genes in the region that are identified in other labs.

Major breakthroughs occurred with respect to the construction of YAC contigs for 85% of the region, the generation of a dense microsatellite genetic map, the identification of 8 new genes, the precise mapping of 6 disease loci and the isolation by positional cloning of the genes for Menkes disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy
The region will be isolated in overlapping contigs of yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) using known probes previously mapped to this region and chromosome walking using YAC end-fragments. Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers from cosmids and YACs will be identified and sequenced, and genetic linkage analysis of these markers in families will be performed to define the genetic map of the region.

Expressed sequences from the region will be isolated, sequenced and characterized as genes potentially involved in several disorders mapping to this region. These include three disorders mapped by translocations and physical rearrangements of the region (ectodermal anhydrotic dysplasia, EAD; Menkes syndrome; and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia), and several diseases mapped by genetic linkage analysis (X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth, CMTX; severe combined immunodeficiency, SCID; sideroblastic anemia; and X-linked dystonia-Parkinsonism).

Fields of science

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Topic(s)

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Call for proposal

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Funding Scheme

CSC - Cost-sharing contracts

Coordinator

Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF)
EU contribution
No data
Address
John Radcliffe Hospital Headington
OX3 9DU Oxford
United Kingdom

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Participants (2)

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Last update: 14 October 1998

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Permalink: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/GENO0017

European Union, 2024