Plasticity of the Predictive Mind

Projektbeschreibung

Neue Studie zu handlungsorientierter Wahrnehmung

Aus neurowissenschaftlicher Sicht galt das menschliche Gehirn lange als informationsverarbeitendes Organ. Inzwischen gilt es eher als informationsgenerierendes System, das unablässig konkurrierende Hypothesen über die Außenwelt testet. Da das Gehirn jedoch nicht direkt Zugang zur Außenwelt hat, überprüft es Annahmen, indem es durch Handeln Informationen generiert. Das vom Europäischen Forschungsrat finanzierte Projekt PlasticityOfMind kombiniert auf innovative Weise Fachwissen aus Psychophysik, Neurobildgebung, virtueller Realität und Modellierung mit Gesunden, Erkrankten (Chorea-Huntington) und praktizierenden Meditierenden. So soll Aufschluss über die neuronalen Mechanismen handlungsorientierter Wahrnehmung und Kognition gegeben werden.

Ziel

The past decade has witnessed the emergence of a paradigm shift in cognitive neuroscience: from the traditional view of the brain as an information-processing organ to conceptions of the brain as an information-generating system, which continuously tests competing hypotheses about the world. This perspective, which resonates with action-oriented views of perception and cognition, assigns crucial importance to action: because the brain lacks direct access to the outside world, predictions can only be tested by generating information through action. Thereby, perception is strongly shaped by predictions about the sensory outcomes of actions, and may even constitutively rest on action. Goal-directed cognitive processes are similarly understood as internal predictive activity serving information generation, but covertly and over longer time scales (they are mental actions). Yet, the vast majority of human cognitive neuroscience studies has so far left the observer in a passive state, simply correlating externally-triggered neural activity to external task manipulations, and thus leaving it unclear how self-generated (mental) actions influence how we learn to perceive the world around us at the neural level. This ERC project aims to address this gap in knowledge using an innovative combination of psychophysics, neuroimaging, virtual reality, and modelling in healthy individuals, Huntington patients, and expert meditators. The research program comprises four projects, investigating 1) how we learn to predict the sensory outcomes of our actions and how this shapes perception; 2) the hypothesis that perception constitutively rests on action; 3) the plasticity of the higher-order cognitive operations that comprise mental actions; and 4) the control that people may exert over such mental actions. This promises to provide an integrative framework for understanding the neural mechanisms and plasticity of action-oriented perception and cognition, with clear clinical implications.

Wissenschaftliches Gebiet (EuroSciVoc)

Dieses Projekt wurde noch nicht bei EuroSciVoc klassifiziert.
Schlagen Sie die Wissenschaftsbereiche vor, die Ihrer Einschätzung nach besonders relevant sind, und helfen Sie uns, unseren Klassifizierungsdienst zu verbessern.