1- WP1 created, cured and populated a platform of long-term experiments in different cropping systems, including agronomic and hydrological measurements. This has merged the practical expertise of all the partners to determine best management practices (BMPs) and established datasets for the use of models. This open database is available in the SHui data management tool (https://shui.boku.ac.at/shui/public/start ).
2- WP2 has helped to improve, calibrate and validate a suite of simulation models for crops and hydrology at plot/field and regional scales. SHui partners have developed the new version of AquaCrop 6.1. A combination of meta-analysis of conservation agriculture on soil properties in field crops with its effect on water availability for crops using physically based model (Hydrus 1-D) has been used to improve calibration of AquaCrop. This analysis was complemented with the development and validation of an exploratory model coupling hydrologic fluxes and crop model to evaluate the relevance of lateral fluxes of runoff on yield variability in cereals and the evaluation of the implications of management strategies and water retention measures at case studies across EU and China. For tree crops, SHui has concentrated its research in modelling issues in developing a new model, TreeWat (
http://treewat.csic.es/(se abrirá en una nueva ventana)) which is an operational tool to orientate stakeholders to make the best allocation of water under drought conditions to minimize yield losses. It is also complemented with a tool ORUSCAL (
https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/216656(se abrirá en una nueva ventana)) to allow researchers and stakeholders to calibrate RUSLE for multiple combinations of soil protection strategies in orchards.
3- WP3 has carried out a major breakthrough adapting the FAO standard crop model, Aquacrop, for regional simulations, coding and running this model for simulation at European scale. A major item that impulses the use of AquaCrop among the research community is the conversion of AquaCrop in Fortran version in Github:
https://github.com/KUL-RSDA/AquaCrop(se abrirá en una nueva ventana).
4- WP4 carried out the task of developing different tools to allow farmers and stakeholders to implement strategies for optimizing use of soil and water resources. As a result, there is now a web-based tool to help to zone a farm for precision agriculture using different type of information, called W4Crop (
https://w4crop.app/(se abrirá en una nueva ventana)). This task has also developed a catalogue of Best Management Practices (BMPs) freely available in these links (English
http://dx.doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/13964(se abrirá en una nueva ventana) Chinese
https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/253611(se abrirá en una nueva ventana) and Spanish
https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/250542(se abrirá en una nueva ventana)). An Android based app which allow farmers identification of the BMP best suited to their conditions and a preliminary appraisal of its impact have been also developed and is freely available (
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/284705(se abrirá en una nueva ventana)) pending of verification for distribution also through Google Play. This WP4 also coordinated the development of other tools: WaterVitis, a DST to predict vine water status; OptCheck to optimize the cost of implementation of gully erosion control structures; and app for determining actual ground cover for agronomic or erosion control and TreeWat..
5- WP5 carried out an in-depth analysis of stakeholders perceptions and needs from focus groups studies, which combined with an analysis of available technologies and different policy instruments resulted in a summarized document to orientate policy makers. (
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/285425(se abrirá en una nueva ventana)). This analysis was complemented with an analysis of water and carbon footprint, mostly on tree crops, based on a relevant set of farmers interviews, that can provide a deeper insight on the variability of this footprint depending on local farm conditions and management.
6- WP6 was responsible of dissemination of findings as well as providing transversal training to PhD and Master students within SHui but also in many activities to others to be trained in similar topics outside SHui. Among the major outputs of WP6 is the coordination of the communication of scientific results delivered in 66 scientific publications listed here
https://www.shui-eu.org/category/uncategorised/publications/(se abrirá en una nueva ventana) and a significant number of freely available online training material available in
https://www.shui-eu.org/results/online-training/(se abrirá en una nueva ventana). This WP also helped to reinforce SHui National partners who have carried out dissemination activities with local stakeholders, some of them in cooperation with groups of the EIP—AGRI.
