The impact areas described in the DoW are indicated as well as the impacts obtained.
IM01: Support the integration of higher levels of connectivity and automation in transport.
The project has delivered a Guide2Autonomy with 109 recoomendations for the integration of higher levels of CAV, user acceptance and assuring public interests. This was based through a large literature inventory and analysis of public acceptance of CAV, qualitative research through a set of expert interviews and a large-scale EU wide survey. The data analysis led to the foundation of the simulators, training tools and pilot indicator and evaluation frameworks.
IM02 – Contribute to improved levels of safety and security in all modes of transport, in line with the Transport White Paper 2011
Next to the adequate functioning of any CAV development, at the heart of the PAsCAL indicator framework is set the need for assured and if possible improved safety and security levels in all modes as a result of higher levels of connected and automated transport.
The set evaluation and indicator frameworks of the simulations, development of training and pilot testing were in this regard building upon the adopted ‘zero-vision’ approach.
Therewith, PAsCAL were able to provide feedback on the safety criteria including vulnerable users and work towards a comprehensive strategy for people's safety inside and outside, training and education of all road users to improve awareness of surrounding environments.
IM03 - Contribute to the possible reduction of cost for industry and public authorities through an improved understanding of requirements and needs of different types of "drivers"/users in the context of connectivity and automation in all modes of transport.
The PAsCAL project provided an understanding of the requirements in terms of “cost acceptance” and “willingness to pay” indicators. Included in the analysis of the PAsCAL simulation, training tools and pilots led to recommendations for the CAV solutions development and services provision.
IM04 - Contribute to a better user acceptance of innovative, cooperative, connected and highly automated transport systems.
PAsCAL created a robust scientific methodology to understand present and future issues in CAV acceptance and applied it to more than 6000 people in 11 countries. On the basis of this work the PAsCAL consortium developed the scenarios and simulated environments to test the effectiveness of different measures to mitigate those issues.PAsCAL put in place 702 dissemination activities to share the findings.
IM05 - Enhance driver awareness and behaviour in a range of complex / urban operating environments.
Dissemination activities contributed to reach the project expected impacts by supporting and increasing academic and industry awareness on CAV, user acceptance and public interest. In addition, the exploitation tasks allowed to bring forward 12 PAsCAL exploitable results that have high chances to reach the market and enable those results to reach higher technology readiness levels and therewith enhance CAV related driver awareness and behaviour.
PAsCAL already contribute to the acceleration of the perspective of inclusive mobility by involving over 232 disabled travellers in the PAsCAL assessment of the users’ needs as well as 237 participants in the Pilot5 that formed the basis of the recommendations, tools and guidelines to be included in the Guide2 Autonomy for how to design CAVs and CAV user experience in a way that better answers to their specific needs.
