In respect to the set of eight project objectives that have been defined all have been achieved.
O1: The final version of the reference architecture (STAR Reference Architecture and Blueprints-Initial version) includes specifics on implementation, deployment, and a wider range of blueprints for trusted AI systems in industrial settings.
O2: Experiments and validation were performed on XAI techniques. The final design of the XAI component was completed, aligning with use cases and available datasets. Solutions were developed for XAI tasks related to visual inspection needs, with methods adapted for the use cases. Trust evaluation of users in the Human-in-the-AI-Loop was conducted, alongside an innovative XAI solution for timeseries classification and research showing the robustness of LIME-masked images against evasion attacks.
O3: Simulated Reality approaches were enhanced to address data scarcity and increase robustness in visual perception for AI systems. Active Learning approaches were integrated for user interaction strategies, with experiments on AL and XAI for quality inspection support. Various user interaction methods were tested to combat worker fatigue.
O4: STAR focused on developing solutions for AI-based human-in-the-loop production processes. Initial efforts established foundational elements, leading to the architecture and prototype of the Human Digital Twin (HDT). Progress includes advancing AI modules for worker simulation, monitoring, decision-making support, and process optimization. Demonstrators have been developed and integrated into the HDT Core Infrastructure, showcasing collaborative advancements in AI technologies within the project.
O5: STAR also focused on developing the AI cyber-defence components to safeguard against AI attacks. An experimental testbed to assess adversarial methodologies, highlighting the impact of attacks on AI/DNN setups was created whereas a decentralised reliability component was defined and a blockchain infrastructure for secure data sharing in smart manufacturing was developed. The STAR Security Policy Manager using OPA and enhanced the Risk Assessment and Mitigation Engine was finalised.
O6: Advancement in STAR technologies were integrated and deployed across the three pilots. Over eight Use Cases were developed and implemented.
O7: STAR provided an extensive analysis of over 35 standards, regulations, and directives in Privacy, Safety, and Cybersecurity categories. STAR partners have produced more than 40 publications (in total) in the scientific journals and conferences. At the same time STAR has produced one Open Access Book and has led the production and contributed with chapters in the joint ICT-38-2020 projects’ Open access Book. Furthermore, a practical AI system trustworthiness auditing framework "scorecard" for manufacturers was developed in addition to the creation of several courses.
O8: The implementation of the market platform was finalised. Project assets and Pilot Use Cases are included in the "Success Stories" section. The marketplace integrates tools and services like the Multimodal Workers’ Training Platform and the courses that were prepared during the project. At the same time it provides external content and links to learning platforms, communities, and manufacturing ecosystems.
