Objective
In Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC), methanol is directly oxidized into hydrogen without any bulky and expensive reformer, leading to lower cost and more compact systems.
This project aims to conceive and to develop new catalytic electrodes prepared by dispersion of a catalytic material in a convenient substrate. The objectives are to design a DMFC with good performances (200 mA/cm2 at a cell voltage of 0.5 V and a temperature of 80(C) with a low Pt loading ( < 1 mg/cm2).
Previous fundamental work, carried out during past CEC programmes (EN3E-0071-F and JOUE-CT90-0037) led to a better knowledge of the reaction mechanisms of methanol oxidation. Therefore new catalytic electrodes were conceived in order to improve the electroactivity (decreasing of the oxidation overvoltage), the reaction selectivity (towards a complete oxidation to CO2) and the long term stability (decreasing of self poisoning by adsorbed CO).
Different platinum based electrodes will be prepared on different conducting substrates, and characterized both for their structure and composition by physicochemical methods, and for their electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation by electrochemical methods. Pt and Pt alloys (Pt/Ru, Pt/Sn, Pt/Ru/Sn, ...) which were shown to be good electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation, will be deposited, on a ionomeric membrane (Nafion or similar membranes), by chemical reduction of the metallic salts (University of Poitiers). On the other hand, Pt and Pt alloys (Pt/Ru, ...) highly dispersed on a carbon substrate (carbon felt, carbon weave, ...) will be obtained by radiolytic decomposition of the corresponding salts. Particle size and dispersion, and alloy composition, will be determined by electron microscopies, and X-fluorescence microanalysis, either in Poitiers (SEM), or in Orsay (TEM, HRTEM), or in CREMGP of Grenoble (TEM). Determination of the true surface area, and of the electrocatalytic activity, will be carried out by cyclic voltammetry (University of Alicante, University of Poitiers).
The intermediate species and reaction products of methanol oxidation will be investigated "in situ", using Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopies, such as EMIRS and FTIRS (Poitiers).
Model electrodes, consisting of Pt single crystals (vicinal and stepped surfaces) modified by the irreversible adsorption of metal adatoms (Bi, Ru, ...) will be prepared at CNRS-Bellevue and characterized by voltammetry (Bellevue and Alicante) and by Scanning Tunnelling Microscopies (Alicante). On the other hand, the effect of foreign metal adatoms on the adsorption of carbon monoxide CO (resulting from CH3OH dissociation) or of methanol will be investigated by UHV techniques (LEED, XPS, TDS) at the University of Southampton.
The study of oxygen cathodes with a low Pt content will be mainly carried out at CREMGP-Grenoble. Carbon substrates (eg. Vulcan XC-72) and ionomeric membranes (eg. Nafion 117) will be considered. The electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction, and selectivity towards methanol oxidation, will be achieved by platinum alloys (Pt/Au, Pt/Pd, Pt/Ru, ...). The electrode structure (pore size, thickness of the active layer, proportion of Nafion, ...) will be optimized by mathematical modelling of the gas diffusion electrode (Grenoble).
A complete methanol fuel cell, with a significative size (electrode area 10 cm2) will be assembled in Poitiers, in order to test the catalytic electrodes and to determine the overall characteristics of the fuel cell (polarization curves, energy efficiency, power density, long term stability).
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.
- natural sciences chemical sciences inorganic chemistry inorganic compounds
- natural sciences chemical sciences electrochemistry electrolysis
- natural sciences chemical sciences inorganic chemistry transition metals
- natural sciences chemical sciences organic chemistry alcohols
- engineering and technology environmental engineering energy and fuels fuel cells
You need to log in or register to use this function
We are sorry... an unexpected error occurred during execution.
You need to be authenticated. Your session might have expired.
Thank you for your feedback. You will soon receive an email to confirm the submission. If you have selected to be notified about the reporting status, you will also be contacted when the reporting status will change.
Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Call for proposal
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Data not available
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
86022 POITIERS
France
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.