The impact of the quality of CO2 on transport and storage behaviour

Final Report Summary - IMPACTS (The impact of the quality of CO2 on transport and storage behaviour)

Executive Summary:
In EC project IMPACTS researchers from academia and industry from nine different countries have collaborated on investigating the effect of impurities in CO2 captured from power plants and other CO2-intensive industries on CO2 transport and storage. The Goal of IMPACTS was to develop the CO2 quality knowledge base required for defining norms and regulations to ensure safe and reliable design, construction and operation of CO2 pipelines and injection equipment, and safe long-term geological storage of CO2.
Fundamental research was performed related to the impact of impurities in CO2 on thermo-physical properties, fluid flow, corrosion and reservoir chemical reactivity. The experimental work and modelling conducted advanced the state of the art in the areas where critical knowledge gaps were identified for allowing safe and economical design of CCS chains.
High-quality experimental thermodynamic data was obtained. Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB) performed density measurements for the binary systems CO2-Ar, CO2. Tsinghua measured density for the systems CO2-N2, CO2-Ar, CO2-CH4, and CO2-Ar-N2. SINTEF conducted vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) measurements for the binaries CO2-N2 and CO2- O2.
Based on the new experimental data, and other publicly available data, RUB developed new reference equations of state for exhaust gases (EOS-CG).The results has been distributed as the TREND 2.0 software which includes a graphical interface. This is publicly available also to external companies and researchers for improvement of CO2 transport operations by contacting RUB.
An overview of knowledge regarding corrosion of pipelines in CO2 service has been established. A scientific basis for which impurities can be acceptable for a CO2 transport system was established. 7 representative CCS chains have been formulated. The results illustrated the importance of processing, compression and transport and that these are viewed as one. This results in reliable numbers for what can be acceptable in amounts of impurities. For example IMPACTS has shown how 4% of impurities in the CO2 can increase the power consumption for compression and processing by 50%.
IMPACTS have suggested Recommendations for among others: Optimized CO2 quality on a case-by-case basis for CCS chains; Design/operation of pipelines where new methodologies have been suggested for selecting the design criteria for operation of CO2 pipelines to avoid two-phase flow and running ductile fractures. This can help limit over-specifying and to reduce costs. A framework for risk assessment of CCS considering CO2 streams with impurities and injection and storage of CO2 with impurities.
Dissemination of results to the CCS community was performed by organizing several public events: Two public workshops, one during the GHGT-12 conference in Austin, Texas in August, 2014 and the second during the TCCS-8 conference, in Trondheim, Norway, June 2015. An IMPACTS CCS course titled "The impact of the quality of CO2 on transport and storage behavior” was organized by IMPACTS in Bucharest, Romania, Oct. 2015. The 43 participants included students, researchers, gas and oil industry, power companies and national regulatory authority.
The IMPACTS final dissemination event was arranged as a public conference entitled" the 2nd International Forum on Recent Developments of CCS Implementation" in Athens, Greece in December 2015. See blog from event with 70 attendees here: http://tinyurl.com/jxz6d3q
IMPACTS will along with CO2QUEST produce a Special Issue of the Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control to be issued during fall of 2016. This special issue will contain all the key results and recommendations from the IMPACTS project. Results are also accessible on IMPACTS website www.sintef.no/IMPACTS and via the IMPACTS toolbox.
Standardization committees are one of the potential users of the results from IMPACTS along with the participating industry which may construct and operate future European CO2 pipelines. IMPACTS presented key results to the standard committee ISO/TC 265 on CO2 Transportation during their meeting in Kjeller, Norway on December 1st, 2015. The results were of great interest to the committee.

Project Context and Objectives:
See attachment

Project Results:
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Potential Impact:
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List of Websites:
http://www.sintef.no/impacts

Coordinator:
Sigmund Størset - Research Manager
Sigmund.Storset@sintef.no

Project Manager
Marit Mazzetti - Senior Researcher
Marit.Mazzetti@sintef.no

Project Officer
An Hilmo
An.hilmo@sintef.no

Final Report Summary - IMPACTS (The impact of the quality of CO2 on transport and storage behaviour)

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