Periodic Reporting for period 2 - HVDC-WISE (HVDC-based grid architectures for reliable and resilient WIdeSprEad hybrid AC/DC transmission systems)
Okres sprawozdawczy: 2023-12-01 do 2025-01-31
The goal of HVDC-WISE is to advance hybrid AC/DC transmission grids by creating reliability and resilience (R&R)-oriented planning and analysis tools. The project also identifies HVDC-based grid architectures that can be readily deployed to enhance R&R and support the integration of new renewable sources.
It aims to provide insights into power system R&R, considering the evolving nature of the grid. This includes addressing challenges associated with large-scale HVDC integration while exploring these systems’ full potential to boost R&R. The project’s advanced tools will demonstrate and assess the R&R benefits of various configurations, guiding the high-level specification of HVDC systems. Insights aim to solidify best practices for transitioning to secure, resilient, and flexible AC/DC networks.
To meet this goal, the project targets five ambitious objectives:
1 - To develop new R&R-oriented planning toolsets (metrics, methodology, and tools) with appropriate representation of different HVDC-based grid architecture concepts aiming to fulfil transmission system operators needs.
2 - To identify, propose and compare different HVDC-based grid architecture concepts aiming to address TSOs’ reliability and resilience needs.
3 - To identify, assess, and model emerging technologies for HVDC-based grid architecture concepts needed for the deployment of widespread AC/DC transmission grids.
4 - To validate in an industrially relevant environment the resilience-oriented planning toolset and the HVDC-based grid architecture concepts on three realistic use cases.
5 - To prepare for the adoption and deployment of the proposed solutions by the industry.
HVDC-WISE involves 14 partners from 11 countries across academia, TSOs, and industry, is structured into 8 work packages, including 6 technical ones.
It aims to provide insights into power system R&R, considering the evolving nature of the grid. This includes addressing challenges associated with large-scale HVDC integration while exploring these systems’ full potential to boost R&R. The project’s advanced tools will demonstrate and assess the R&R benefits of various configurations, guiding the high-level specification of HVDC systems. Insights aim to solidify best practices for transitioning to secure, resilient, and flexible AC/DC networks.
To meet this goal, the project targets five ambitious objectives:
1 - To develop new R&R-oriented planning toolsets (metrics, methodology, and tools) with appropriate representation of different HVDC-based grid architecture concepts aiming to fulfil transmission system operators needs.
2 - To identify, propose and compare different HVDC-based grid architecture concepts aiming to address TSOs’ reliability and resilience needs.
3 - To identify, assess, and model emerging technologies for HVDC-based grid architecture concepts needed for the deployment of widespread AC/DC transmission grids.
4 - To validate in an industrially relevant environment the resilience-oriented planning toolset and the HVDC-based grid architecture concepts on three realistic use cases.
5 - To prepare for the adoption and deployment of the proposed solutions by the industry.
HVDC-WISE involves 14 partners from 11 countries across academia, TSOs, and industry, is structured into 8 work packages, including 6 technical ones.
WP2 [Requirements, opportunities, frameworks, and demonstration needs for R&R of future AC/DC systems]
Activities Performed:
T2.1 identified innovative approaches for grid R&R analysis in high-power-electronics grids.
T2.2 defined TSO needs based on operational experience and future hybrid AC/DC plans.
T2.3 established three realistic use cases for R&R analysis.
T2.4 reviewed existing codes and standards for HVDC connection and operation.
T2.5 compiled a list of R&R Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
Achievements:
-Introduced consistent definitions of resilience and reliability in power systems.
-Established a set of technical KPIs for R&R assessment.
-Defined three realistic use cases for the demonstration phase.
-Identified gaps in European HVDC codes where the project can have a significant impact.
WP3 [HVDC architectures]
Activities Performed:
T3.1 classified AC/DC grid architectures and reviewed AC/DC control/protection concepts.
T3.2 proposed new HVDC control strategies to reduce risks and maximize R&R.
T3.3 delivered guidelines for cost-effective HVDC-based grid protection, enabling fault ride-through under AC, DC, or cyber disturbances.
Achievements:
-Proposed a classification methodology for AC/DC grid architectures.
-Developed advanced converter controls providing grid-forming capability while safeguarding DC integrity (to be tested in WP7).
-Created coordinated grid-level controls (frequency support, AC line emulation, damping, DC voltage stability, unbalance management) for WP6 validation.
-Produced simulation models of HVDC threats (D3.2/D3.3) with recommendations to minimize impacts.
-Validated a new approach to monitoring and protecting HVDC systems from cyber events via real-time simulations.
WP4 [Technologies]
Activities Performed:
T4.1 listed possible HVDC technologies, assessing readiness and relevance to R&R.
T4.2 defined modeling approaches for accurate R&R representation.
T4.3 proposed extensions and methodologies integrating HVDC into IEC CIM/CGMES standards, resulting in a public model library.
Achievements:
-Compiled a list of key HVDC-enabling technologies.
-Created an HVDC model library for dynamic simulations in PowerFactory using built-in language and FMI.
-Published a public library of HVDC models aligned with IEC CIM/CGMES at https://github.com/HVDC-WISE/HVDC-Wise_lib(odnośnik otworzy się w nowym oknie).
-Developed dynamic phasor models for inverters in DPsim at https://github.com/sogno-platform/dpsim(odnośnik otworzy się w nowym oknie).
WP5 [Tools]
Activities Performed:
T5.1 defined the conceptual framework for R&R-oriented planning and operation.
T5.2 adapted existing planning tools to account for reliability, resilience, and cost in hybrid AC/DC expansions.
T5.3 developed a cascading failure modeling tool (dynamic simulations) to assess security and resilience.
Achievements:
-Delivered a set of tools implementing the project’s R&R methodology:
--HVDC-WISE_TEA (T5.2) for expansion options under unavailability.
--Security Constrained Redispatch OPF (T5.2) for N-1 security in hybrid AC/DC grids.
--Cascading Event Quantification Tool (D-CFM, T5.3) for simulating disturbance propagation and potential blackouts.
--Restoration Tool (T5.3) for post-failure recovery analysis, showing how HVDC expansions improve grid restoration.
WP6 [HVDC design within the use cases]
Activities Performed:
T6.1 Define the three use cases and the R&R assessment methodology for HVDC-based expansions.
T6.2 began applying the methodology to design an R&R-focused HVDC system for Use Case 1 (large meshed system, Continental Europe).
T6.3 conducted a similar assessment for Use Case 2 (medium/small synchronous area, GB grid).
T6.4 assessed Use Case 3, an HVDC interconnection merging Use Cases 1 and 2 with offshore production.
Achievements:
- Defined the methodology for the project and for R&R-oriented planning
-Defined and nearly completed grid models for each use case.
-Configured the required tools for techno-economic, adequacy, and security/resilience analyses.
WP7 [EMT validation/analysis]
Activities Performed:
T7.1 T7.2 and T7.3 Started the EMT-based modelling work for Use Case 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
Achievements:
-Implemented EMT simulation tools for in-depth analysis.
-Clarified how EMT simulations fit into the overall project, providing final validation of the proposed control and protection methods.
Activities Performed:
T2.1 identified innovative approaches for grid R&R analysis in high-power-electronics grids.
T2.2 defined TSO needs based on operational experience and future hybrid AC/DC plans.
T2.3 established three realistic use cases for R&R analysis.
T2.4 reviewed existing codes and standards for HVDC connection and operation.
T2.5 compiled a list of R&R Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
Achievements:
-Introduced consistent definitions of resilience and reliability in power systems.
-Established a set of technical KPIs for R&R assessment.
-Defined three realistic use cases for the demonstration phase.
-Identified gaps in European HVDC codes where the project can have a significant impact.
WP3 [HVDC architectures]
Activities Performed:
T3.1 classified AC/DC grid architectures and reviewed AC/DC control/protection concepts.
T3.2 proposed new HVDC control strategies to reduce risks and maximize R&R.
T3.3 delivered guidelines for cost-effective HVDC-based grid protection, enabling fault ride-through under AC, DC, or cyber disturbances.
Achievements:
-Proposed a classification methodology for AC/DC grid architectures.
-Developed advanced converter controls providing grid-forming capability while safeguarding DC integrity (to be tested in WP7).
-Created coordinated grid-level controls (frequency support, AC line emulation, damping, DC voltage stability, unbalance management) for WP6 validation.
-Produced simulation models of HVDC threats (D3.2/D3.3) with recommendations to minimize impacts.
-Validated a new approach to monitoring and protecting HVDC systems from cyber events via real-time simulations.
WP4 [Technologies]
Activities Performed:
T4.1 listed possible HVDC technologies, assessing readiness and relevance to R&R.
T4.2 defined modeling approaches for accurate R&R representation.
T4.3 proposed extensions and methodologies integrating HVDC into IEC CIM/CGMES standards, resulting in a public model library.
Achievements:
-Compiled a list of key HVDC-enabling technologies.
-Created an HVDC model library for dynamic simulations in PowerFactory using built-in language and FMI.
-Published a public library of HVDC models aligned with IEC CIM/CGMES at https://github.com/HVDC-WISE/HVDC-Wise_lib(odnośnik otworzy się w nowym oknie).
-Developed dynamic phasor models for inverters in DPsim at https://github.com/sogno-platform/dpsim(odnośnik otworzy się w nowym oknie).
WP5 [Tools]
Activities Performed:
T5.1 defined the conceptual framework for R&R-oriented planning and operation.
T5.2 adapted existing planning tools to account for reliability, resilience, and cost in hybrid AC/DC expansions.
T5.3 developed a cascading failure modeling tool (dynamic simulations) to assess security and resilience.
Achievements:
-Delivered a set of tools implementing the project’s R&R methodology:
--HVDC-WISE_TEA (T5.2) for expansion options under unavailability.
--Security Constrained Redispatch OPF (T5.2) for N-1 security in hybrid AC/DC grids.
--Cascading Event Quantification Tool (D-CFM, T5.3) for simulating disturbance propagation and potential blackouts.
--Restoration Tool (T5.3) for post-failure recovery analysis, showing how HVDC expansions improve grid restoration.
WP6 [HVDC design within the use cases]
Activities Performed:
T6.1 Define the three use cases and the R&R assessment methodology for HVDC-based expansions.
T6.2 began applying the methodology to design an R&R-focused HVDC system for Use Case 1 (large meshed system, Continental Europe).
T6.3 conducted a similar assessment for Use Case 2 (medium/small synchronous area, GB grid).
T6.4 assessed Use Case 3, an HVDC interconnection merging Use Cases 1 and 2 with offshore production.
Achievements:
- Defined the methodology for the project and for R&R-oriented planning
-Defined and nearly completed grid models for each use case.
-Configured the required tools for techno-economic, adequacy, and security/resilience analyses.
WP7 [EMT validation/analysis]
Activities Performed:
T7.1 T7.2 and T7.3 Started the EMT-based modelling work for Use Case 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
Achievements:
-Implemented EMT simulation tools for in-depth analysis.
-Clarified how EMT simulations fit into the overall project, providing final validation of the proposed control and protection methods.
These are the main beyond-state-of-the-art results achieved up to the second reporting period (P2):
-Methodology for Reliability and Resilience (R&R) in hybrid AC/DC systems, unifying planning, operation, and risk mitigation.
-A suite of dedicated tools: HVDCWISE_TEA, Security Constrained Redispatch OPF, Cascading Failure Quantification, and Resilience Restoration.
-Advanced converter controls providing grid-forming capabilities while safeguarding DC system integrity (e.g. mitigating DC oscillations).
-Coordinated grid-level controls offering frequency support, AC line emulation, oscillation damping, DC voltage stability, and unbalanced operation management.
-Analysis of HVDC threats, with recommendations to enhance reliability and resilience.
-Innovative cyber-layer protection methods for HVDC control and communication.
-Proposed extensions to IEC CIM/CGMES standards to include HVDC equipment in static, dynamic, RMS, and EMT simulations.
These advances have already produced several high-quality publications. Additional key exploitable results are discussed in Annex B of the technical report.
-Methodology for Reliability and Resilience (R&R) in hybrid AC/DC systems, unifying planning, operation, and risk mitigation.
-A suite of dedicated tools: HVDCWISE_TEA, Security Constrained Redispatch OPF, Cascading Failure Quantification, and Resilience Restoration.
-Advanced converter controls providing grid-forming capabilities while safeguarding DC system integrity (e.g. mitigating DC oscillations).
-Coordinated grid-level controls offering frequency support, AC line emulation, oscillation damping, DC voltage stability, and unbalanced operation management.
-Analysis of HVDC threats, with recommendations to enhance reliability and resilience.
-Innovative cyber-layer protection methods for HVDC control and communication.
-Proposed extensions to IEC CIM/CGMES standards to include HVDC equipment in static, dynamic, RMS, and EMT simulations.
These advances have already produced several high-quality publications. Additional key exploitable results are discussed in Annex B of the technical report.