Between M1 and M36, 44 projects across all TA facilities were granted, 214 users selected, and 621 days of access completed (plus 8.2 months in array seismology). Virtual Access (VA) to 5 infrastructures was enhanced and made suitable for access through EPOS. In the area of Networking Activities (NA), progress was made for the expansion of EIDA to include additional nodes (Spain, Portugal, UK, Norway, Balkans, Turkey). There are now 12 EIDA nodes connected to the EPOS Integrated Core Services central hub, fully interoperable with EPOS. On Deep Seismic Sounding (DSS) data and products, a prototype of the DSS database was developed. In relation to the SERIES experimental seismic engineering database, a key achievement was the development, deployment, and evaluation of a pilot Thematic Core Service (TCS) compatible with EPOS, that did not exist before SERA. Finally, databases on site characterisation will now be shared with network operators running under EPOS, following the metadata standards used by the EPOS infrastructure.
In the area of Joint Research Activities (JRA), in the field of physics initiation of natural and induced earthquakes, progress was made on automated methods to detect microseismic events in near real time, on source parameter estimation, and on statistical toolboxes for induced seismicity within the EPOS TCS on Anthropogenic Hazard. New catalogues were also produced associated with injection/fault triggering underground experiments, that describe the impact of stress and geologic structure on seismicity. On earthquake activity rates, significant progress was made at local, regional, national and European scale, the latter relevant for the European Seismic Hazard model (ESHM20). For instance, data collected by national networks served to evaluate the consistency of magnitude evaluation with existing inventories at European scale. Also, new approaches were developed in the characterisation of earthquake sequences and tectonic activity rates and for the analysis of short-term time-dependent hazard. A major achievement of SERA was the update of the European hazard model (beta model released), the narrow collaboration between SERA participants and the technical committee in charge of the European Seismic Design Code (CEN-EC8), and the subsequent agreement to include the results of ESHM20 produced in SERA as an annex to the future European construction code. Also, SERA developed a seismic risk modelling framework for Europe at local, regional, national and continental scales. This involved, amongst other activities, the completion of an exposure model, including residential and non-residential buildings; a European site amplification model as well as methods for estimating amplification at the local scale; and testing of the European seismic risk model implemented using past events. On real-time earthquake shaking, SERA contributed with further research in attenuation models, and a procedure for the rapid assessment of the shaking potential. Rupture kinematics was also further studied, and a method suitable for producing automatic results seconds to minutes from earthquake occurrence was developed. Ground shaking prediction was also improved through innovative methods for the evolutionary and continuous update of shaking predictions at different scales. Finally, SERA explored ways in which EPOS could provide access to real time monitoring data and other high-level products required for scenario-based modelling and mitigation strategies.
