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Zawartość zarchiwizowana w dniu 2024-04-15

METAL REINFORCED CERAMICS

Cel


One of the major objectives of research into advanced structural ceramic materials is to achieve a sufficient degree of toughness, strength, thermal shock resistance and mechanical shock resistance and corrosion resistance so that the beneficial aspects of ceramics such as low density and high melting point, can be exploited in the design of critical high temperature components. The aim of this project is to improve the mechanical properties of ceramic materials, especially at elevated temperatures, and their resistance to corrosion by incorporating ultrafine particles of metals with high melting points in a ceramic matrix based on aluminium oxide and zirconium oxide. Theproduction and the incorporation of the metals in an extremely finely divided form calls for a special manufacturing technology.

Colloidal metal particles in the range of nm (rhodium, pallidium, platinum, molybdenum) could be deposited onto ceramic powder by a special manufacturing technique. Aluminium oxide and zirconium oxide based composites with a homogeneous, finely divided metallic phase up to 5 mass % were produced via the combined sinter hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technique. These materials show fracture toughness and flexural strength improvements of up to 25%, high corrosion resistance in molten metals, glass melt, and hydrofluoric acid and improved thermal shock resistance.

Studies on the production of ceramic metal composites have included the production of intimate arrangements of metallic and ceramic particles and the conversion of these to fully dense bodies using combined sinter hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Key targets were increases in fracture toughness and in flexural strength of the metal reinforced ceramic materials.

Even at low concentrations of noble metals significant effects were observed on the sintering to a cubic structure of yttria stabilised zirconia. The densification to pore free materials was hindered, with this effect being worsened with increasing metal loading. The same observation was rue for alumina zirconia mixed oxide ceramics. Palladium additions were found to be the least detrimental.

In all samples, where metal has been introduced from a sol, large metal lakes were found in the structure of the sintered material. These were probably attributable to the formation of agglomerates of the fine metallic particles during the deposition of the metal. Nevertheless, the samples of alumina zirconia mixture with palladium exhibited improved flexural strength over the metal free reference samples. The formation of large metal lakes can be prevented by using direct deposition of the metal without prior formation of a sol.

Samples containing metallic molybdenum sintered better than metal free samples and flexural strength and fracture toughness were increased by 20-25%. Samples containing 1% molybdenum and 1% palladium showed slight improvements in thermal shock resistance and the 1% palladium samples showed considerably improved resistance to hydrofluoric acid. Corrosion investigations also indicated improvements over the metal free materials.

The improvements in properties, aimed for at the beginning, have been largely attained but could not be achieved in a single ceramic metal composite material since improvements were always counterbalanced by detrimental effects on other properties.
ONE OF THE MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH INTO ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MATERIALS IS TO ACHIEVE A SUFFICIENT DEGREE OF TOUGHNESS, STRENGTH, THERMAL AND MECHANICAL SHOCK RESISTANCE AND CORROSION RESISTANCE SO THAT THE BENIFICIAL ASPECTS OF CERAMICS SUCH AS LOW DENSITY AND HIGH MELTING POINT CAN BE EXPLOITED IN THE DESIGN OF CRITICAL HIGH TEMPERATURE COMPONENTS.

SILICON NITRIDE, ALUMINA, ZIRCONIA AND ALLOYS OF THESE OXIDES ARE CURRENTLY CONSIDERED TO BE PRIMARY CONTENDERS FOR THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING CERAMICS, AND MUCH WORK HAS ALREADY BEEN CARRIED OUT ON THESE MATERIALS TO IMPROVE THEIR MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES BY COMPOSITIONAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL MODIFICATION.

THE AIM OF THIS PROJECT IS TO IMPROVE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MATERIALS, ESPECIALLY AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES, AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO CORROSION BY INCORPORATING FINEST PARTICLES OF METALS WITH HIGH MELTING POINTS IN A CERAMIC MATRIX BASED ON AL2O3, ZRO2 AND SI3N4.

THE PRODUCTION AND THE INCORPORATION OF THE METALS IN AN EXTREMELY FINELY DIVIDED FORM CALLS FOR A SPECIAL MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY.

THE EXTREMELY FINE METALS CAN BE ACHIEVED BY PRODUCING COLLOIDAL METAL SOLS. THE SOLS HAVE A NARROW GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF 5-20 NANOMETRES. INITIAL PROBLEMS, RELATING TO THE DEPOSITION OF THE SOLS ONTO THE CERAMIC SUBSTRATES WHICH CAUSED MICROMETRE-SIZED METAL-LAKES IN THE SINTERED PRODUCTS, COULD BE IMPROVED BY A NEW TECHNOLOGY. THIS IS THE ENCAPSULATION OF SOLS AND ALLOY SOLS WITH OTHER METALS OR CERAMIC MATERIALS.

Dziedzina nauki (EuroSciVoc)

Klasyfikacja projektów w serwisie CORDIS opiera się na wielojęzycznej taksonomii EuroSciVoc, obejmującej wszystkie dziedziny nauki, w oparciu o półautomatyczny proces bazujący na technikach przetwarzania języka naturalnego. Więcej informacji: https://op.europa.eu/pl/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.

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Koordynator

Krupp Widia GmbH
Wkład UE
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Adres
Münchener Straße 90
45145 Essen
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